"KMH-1" ebnet Weg für Wasserstoffantrieb

"KMH-1" ebnet Weg für Wasserstoffantrieb

16.05.2019: Britische Wissenschaftler ermöglichen kleinere, billigere, effizientere und stärkere Systeme Wasserstoff-Auto: noch eine Seltenheit

Britische Wissenschaftler ermöglichen kleinere, billigere, effizientere und stärkere Systeme

 
Wasserstoff-Auto: noch eine Seltenheit



Forscher der Lancaster University http://lancaster.ac.uk haben ein neues Material entwickelt, das dem Wasserstoffantrieb in Fahrzeugen endgültig zum Durchbruch verhelfen könnte.



"KMH-1" (Kubas Manganese Hydride-1) soll mehrere Probleme der potenziell vielversprechenden, "sauberen" Zukunftstechnologie mit einem Schlag lösen: Er würde den Bau von Treibstofftanks ermöglichen, die kleiner, billiger und energieeffizienter sind als alle heute gängigen Systeme und in punkto Leistungsfähigkeit deutlich über Batterie-betriebenen Modellen stehen.




"Man kommt vier- bis fünfmal so weit"



"Die Kosten für die Herstellung unseres Materials sind so gering und die Energiedichte, die es speichern kann, ist so viel höher als bei Lithium-Ionen-Batterien, dass es durchaus vorstellbar ist, dass wir bald Systeme mit Wasserstoff-Brennstoffzellen sehen werden, die fünfmal weniger kosten als vergleichbare Lithium-Ionen-Varianten und dabei auch noch eine signifikant größere Reichweite haben", erklärt David Antonelli, Professor für Physikalische Chemie an der Lancaster University: "Damit kommt man vier- bis fünfmal so weit, bevor man wieder auftanken muss."



Am interessantesten sei der neue Ansatz wohl für Autos und Fahrzeuge, die schwere Lasten transportieren. "Das Material bietet aber noch viele andere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten", betont Antonelli. Insbesondere in solchen Situationen, in denen man sich längere Zeit abseits von herkömmlichen Versorgungsnetzen bewegen muss.



"Es könnte etwa in portablen Geräten wie Drohnen oder in mobilen Ladestationen zum Einsatz kommen, damit Leute mehrere Wochen lang auf Camping-Tour gehen können, ohne ihre Geräte aufladen zu müssen", so der Forscher: "Man könnte damit außerdem ein abgelegenes Haus oder eine ganze Nachbarschaft mit Energie versorgen."



Äußerst platzsparend und effizient


Für die Herstellung von KMH-1 nutzt Antonelli einen chemischen Prozess, der als "Kubas-Interaktion" bezeichnet wird. Dieser erlaubt die Speicherung von Wasserstoff, indem die einzelnen Wasserstoffatome innerhalb eines H2-Moleküls auf Abstand gebracht werden und funktioniert bei normaler Raumtemperatur.


"All jene Prozesse, die extrem hohe Energien und Temperaturen sowie ein entsprechend komplexes Equipment erfordern, sind dadurch nicht mehr notwendig", schildert der Experte.



KMH-1 absorbiert und speichert zudem jede überschüssige Energie, womit kein Bedarf nach einer externen Kühlung oder Heizung mehr besteht. "Das ist ein entscheidender Punkt, weil man dann wesentlich platzsparendere und effizientere Systeme in Fahrzeugen realisieren kann", stellt der Wissenschaftler klar.



Bei ersten Experimenten habe er es bereits geschafft, viermal so viel Wasserstoff in der gleichen Tankgröße zu speichern, die in heute gängigen Systemen genutzt wird.




 Markus Steiner, Foto: unslpash.com, Darren Halstead

Permanent-URL: http://www.automobilsport.com/kmh-1-wasserstoffantrieb---190745.html

16.05.2019 / MaP

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